Napoleon History Timeline and Biographies | History Timeline Generator

1769

Birth of Napoleon Bonaparte

Napoleon Bonaparte was born on August 15, 1769, in Ajaccio, Corsica. His early life was marked by the political turmoil of the island, which had recently become a French territory. This background would later influence his ambitions and military strategies as he rose to power in France.

1785

Napoleon's Military Education

At the age of 16, Napoleon completed his studies at the military academy in Brienne-le-Château and later at the École Militaire in Paris. His education laid the foundation for his future military career, instilling in him a deep understanding of strategy and tactics.

1793

Siege of Toulon

During the French Revolutionary Wars, Napoleon played a crucial role in the Siege of Toulon, where he showcased his military prowess by successfully planning the attack that led to the city’s capture. This victory marked his rise as a prominent military leader in France.

1799

Coup of 18 Brumaire

On November 9, 1799, Napoleon orchestrated a coup d'état known as the Coup of 18 Brumaire, overthrowing the Directory and establishing the Consulate. This event marked the beginning of his political power in France, leading him to become First Consul.

1804

Napoleon Crowned Emperor

On December 2, 1804, Napoleon Bonaparte crowned himself Emperor of the French in a lavish ceremony at Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris. This act symbolized his authority and the establishment of the First French Empire, marking a significant shift in French governance.

1805

Battle of Austerlitz

The Battle of Austerlitz, fought on December 2, 1805, is often regarded as Napoleon's greatest victory. His forces decisively defeated the combined armies of Russia and Austria, solidifying his reputation as a military genius and leading to the Treaty of Pressburg.

1806

Formation of the Confederation of the Rhine

In 1806, Napoleon established the Confederation of the Rhine, a coalition of German states under French influence. This move significantly altered the political landscape of Europe and expanded Napoleon's control over the continent.

1812

Invasion of Russia

In June 1812, Napoleon launched a disastrous invasion of Russia. The campaign, marked by harsh weather and fierce resistance, ultimately led to the catastrophic retreat of his Grande Armée, significantly weakening his military power and reputation.

1814

First Exile to Elba

After a series of defeats, Napoleon was forced to abdicate in April 1814 and was exiled to the island of Elba. This marked a significant turning point in his life, as he lost control of France and faced the consequences of his military ambitions.

1815

Return to Power and the Hundred Days

In March 1815, Napoleon escaped from Elba and returned to France, regaining power in what is known as the Hundred Days. His return sparked a brief resurgence of his rule, culminating in the Battle of Waterloo.

1815

Battle of Waterloo

On June 18, 1815, Napoleon faced a coalition army led by the Duke of Wellington at the Battle of Waterloo. His defeat marked the end of his rule and the final chapter of his military career, leading to his second abdication.

1815

Second Exile to Saint Helena

Following his defeat at Waterloo, Napoleon was exiled to the remote island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic, where he spent the remaining years of his life under British supervision, far from the political intrigues of Europe.

1821

Death of Napoleon Bonaparte

Napoleon Bonaparte died on May 5, 1821, on the island of Saint Helena. His death marked the end of an era in European history, and he is remembered as a complex figure whose legacy continues to influence military and political thought.

1840

Return of Napoleon's Remains to France

In 1840, Napoleon's remains were returned to France, where they were interred in a grand tomb at Les Invalides in Paris. This act symbolized his enduring legacy and the complex relationship France had with its former emperor.