ancient Iraqخط الزمن التاريخي والسيرة الذاتية لـ | مولد الجداول الزمنية التاريخية

3500 BC

Emergence of Sumerian Civilization

The ancient Iraq region saw the rise of the Sumerian civilization, one of the world's first urban cultures, characterized by the establishment of city-states such as Uruk and Ur. This marked the beginning of organized society in ancient Iraq, with advancements in agriculture, trade, and governance.

3200 BC

Invention of Writing (Cuneiform)

The Sumerians developed cuneiform writing, one of the earliest writing systems, in ancient Iraq. This innovation allowed for the recording of transactions, laws, and literature, significantly impacting communication and administration.

2500 BC

Construction of Ziggurats

Ziggurats, massive stepped structures, were built in ancient Iraq, serving as temples and administrative centers. These architectural marvels symbolized the religious and political power of the city-states.

2300 BC

Rise of the Akkadian Empire

Sargon of Akkad established the first known empire in ancient Iraq, uniting various Sumerian city-states under a centralized rule. This marked a significant shift in political organization and cultural exchange in the region.

1792 BC

Code of Hammurabi

King Hammurabi of Babylon enacted one of the earliest and most complete written legal codes in ancient Iraq, known as the Code of Hammurabi. This code laid the foundation for justice and governance in the region.

1600 BC

Hittite Invasion and Decline of Babylon

The Hittites invaded ancient Iraq, leading to the decline of the Babylonian Empire. This period marked significant changes in power dynamics and territorial control in the region.

911 BC

Rise of the Assyrian Empire

The Assyrian Empire emerged as a dominant power in ancient Iraq, known for its military conquests and extensive trade networks. The capital, Nineveh, became a center of culture and learning.

612 BC

Fall of Nineveh

The fall of Nineveh in ancient Iraq marked the end of the Assyrian Empire. This event was significant in the shifting power dynamics of the ancient Near East, leading to the rise of the Neo-Babylonian Empire.

586 BC

Destruction of the First Temple in Jerusalem

The Babylonian conquest led to the destruction of the First Temple in Jerusalem. This event had profound implications for Jewish history and the cultural landscape of ancient Iraq.

539 BC

Fall of Babylon to Cyrus the Great

Cyrus the Great of Persia conquered Babylon, marking the fall of the Neo-Babylonian Empire. This event initiated a new era of Persian influence in ancient Iraq and the broader region.

331 BC

Conquest by Alexander the Great

Alexander the Great defeated the Persian Empire, bringing ancient Iraq under Macedonian control. This conquest spread Hellenistic culture throughout the region, influencing art, architecture, and governance.

250 AD

Parthian Empire in Control

The Parthian Empire rose to power in ancient Iraq, establishing a significant cultural and political presence. The Parthians played a crucial role in trade between the East and West.

636 AD

Islamic Conquest of Iraq

The Islamic conquest led to the establishment of Islamic rule in ancient Iraq, transforming its cultural and religious landscape. The region became a center of Islamic scholarship and culture.

1258 AD

Mongol Invasion and Fall of Baghdad

The Mongol invasion resulted in the fall of Baghdad, a major cultural and intellectual center in ancient Iraq. This event marked a significant decline in the region's influence and prosperity.