The Achaemenid Empire and the Region's Integration
Turkmenistan history traces back to the Achaemenid Empire, where the region was an important part of the Persian Empire, contributing to trade and cultural exchanges along the Silk Road.
550 BC
1221 AD
Genghis Khan's Invasion
The Mongol invasion led by Genghis Khan devastated many cities in Turkmenistan, significantly impacting the region's demographics and culture, marking a turbulent period in Turkmenistan history.
1867 AD
Russian Empire's Expansion into Central Asia
Turkmenistan became part of the Russian Empire, which sought to expand its territory into Central Asia, leading to significant changes in governance and social structure in Turkmenistan history.
1924 AD
Creation of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic
Following the Russian Revolution, Turkmenistan was established as the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic, marking a new era in Turkmenistan history as it became part of the Soviet Union and underwent significant social and economic reforms.
1941-1945 AD
Turkmenistan's Contribution to World War II
During World War II, Turkmenistan played a crucial role by supplying resources and troops, further integrating into the Soviet Union's military efforts, which is a significant chapter in Turkmenistan history.
1990 AD
Declaration of Sovereignty
Turkmenistan declared its sovereignty from the Soviet Union, a pivotal moment in Turkmenistan history that set the stage for its future independence.
1991 AD
Independence from the Soviet Union
On October 27, 1991, Turkmenistan officially gained independence, marking a new beginning in Turkmenistan history as it sought to establish its identity and governance.
1994 AD
Adoption of the Constitution
Turkmenistan adopted its first Constitution, laying the legal foundation for the new state and reflecting the aspirations of its people in Turkmenistan history.
2006 AD
Death of President Saparmurat Niyazov
The death of President Niyazov marked a significant turning point in Turkmenistan history, leading to a transition in leadership and policies under his successor, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow.
2012 AD
Neutrality Status Recognized by the UN
Turkmenistan's longstanding policy of neutrality was formally recognized by the United Nations, reinforcing its position in international relations and reflecting its unique stance in Turkmenistan history.
2017 AD
Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow Re-elected
Berdimuhamedow was re-elected for a third term, continuing his leadership and the policies that have shaped modern Turkmenistan history.
2020 AD
Turkmenistan's Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Turkmenistan took unique measures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, maintaining its closed borders and emphasizing its health policies, which became a notable aspect of Turkmenistan history during this global crisis.
2022 AD
New Economic Reforms Initiated
The government introduced new economic reforms aimed at diversifying the economy and reducing reliance on natural gas exports, marking a significant development in Turkmenistan history.
2024 AD
Continued Focus on National Identity and Culture
Turkmenistan continues to emphasize the promotion of its national identity and cultural heritage, reflecting ongoing developments in Turkmenistan history as it navigates the modern world.
