Birth of Prophet Muhammad
Prophet Muhammad was born in Mecca, in present-day Saudi Arabia, into the Quraysh tribe. His early life was marked by the loss of his parents, leading him to be raised by his grandfather and later by his uncle.
Marriage to Khadijah
At the age of 25, Prophet Muhammad married Khadijah, a wealthy widow. Their marriage was a significant turning point in his life, providing him with emotional and financial support as he began his prophetic mission.
First Revelation
At the age of 40, while meditating in the Cave of Hira, Prophet Muhammad received his first revelation from the Angel Gabriel, marking the beginning of his role as a prophet in Islam.
Public Preaching Begins
After three years of private preaching, Prophet Muhammad began to publicly proclaim the message of Islam, calling for monotheism and social reform in Mecca, facing opposition from the Quraysh leaders.
First Migration to Abyssinia
Due to increasing persecution, a group of early Muslims, including some of Prophet Muhammad's followers, migrated to Abyssinia (modern-day Ethiopia) seeking refuge under the Christian king, Negus.
Isra and Mi'raj (Night Journey and Ascension)
Prophet Muhammad experienced the Isra and Mi'raj, a miraculous night journey to Jerusalem and ascension to the heavens, which solidified his status as a prophet and messenger of God.
Hijra (Migration to Medina)
Facing severe persecution in Mecca, Prophet Muhammad and his followers migrated to Medina, marking the beginning of the Islamic calendar and the establishment of a Muslim community and state.
Change of Qibla and Battle of Badr
The qibla, or direction of prayer, was changed from Jerusalem to the Kaaba in Mecca. The Battle of Badr was a significant victory for Muslims, solidifying Prophet Muhammad's leadership and influence.
Conquest of Mecca
Prophet Muhammad and his followers peacefully conquered Mecca, reclaiming the Kaaba and establishing it as the central place of worship for Muslims, marking a major milestone in Prophet Muhammad's life.
Death of Prophet Muhammad
Prophet Muhammad passed away in Medina at the age of 63. His death marked the end of the prophetic mission, but his teachings and legacy continue to guide millions of Muslims around the world.
After the death of Prophet Muhammad, Abu Bakr was chosen as the first caliph, leading the Muslim community and continuing the expansion of Islam beyond the Arabian Peninsula.
Assassination of Ali and the Rise of Umayyad Caliphate
The assassination of Ali, the fourth caliph and cousin of Prophet Muhammad, led to the establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate, marking a significant shift in Islamic leadership and governance.
The Abbasid Revolution overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate, leading to a golden age of Islamic culture, science, and philosophy, rooted in the teachings of Prophet Muhammad.
