Rise of Ancient Greek City-States
The period marks the emergence of city-states (poleis) like Athens, Sparta, and Corinth, which became the foundation of Greek civilization.
800 BCE
508 BCE
Introduction of Democracy in Athens
Cleisthenes introduced democratic reforms in Athens, laying the groundwork for what is often considered the first democracy in the world.
490 BCE
Battle of Marathon
The Greeks, primarily Athenians, defeated the invading Persian forces at the Battle of Marathon, a pivotal moment in Greek history.
431 BCE
Start of the Peloponnesian War
The Peloponnesian War began between Athens and Sparta, leading to significant political and social changes in Greece.
336 BCE
Alexander the Great's Ascension
Alexander the Great became the king of Macedonia and embarked on a campaign to create one of the largest empires in history.
146 BCE
Greece Conquered by Rome
Greece fell under Roman rule, marking the end of Greek political independence and the beginning of the Roman era in Greece.
330 CE
Foundation of Constantinople
Emperor Constantine I founded Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul), which became the capital of the Byzantine Empire, heavily influenced by Greek culture.
1453
Fall of Constantinople
The Ottoman Turks captured Constantinople, marking the end of the Byzantine Empire and beginning centuries of Ottoman rule over Greece.
1821
Greek War of Independence
The Greek War of Independence began, leading to the eventual establishment of an independent Greek state in 1830.
1832
Establishment of the Kingdom of Greece
The Kingdom of Greece was officially established with the Treaty of Constantinople, and Otto of Bavaria became its first king.
1941
German Occupation During WWII
Nazi Germany occupied Greece during World War II, leading to severe hardships and resistance movements within the country.
1949
End of the Greek Civil War
The Greek Civil War ended, resulting in a victory for the government forces and the establishment of a parliamentary republic.
1981
Greece Joins the European Community
Greece became a member of the European Community, which later evolved into the European Union, marking a significant step in its modern economic and political integration.
2004
Athens Hosts the Summer Olympics
Athens hosted the Summer Olympics, showcasing Greece's cultural heritage and modern achievements on the global stage.
2010
Greek Debt Crisis
Greece faced a severe debt crisis, leading to austerity measures and financial bailouts from the European Union and the International Monetary Fund.
2020
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted Greece, affecting its economy, healthcare system, and tourism industry.
