Greece`s history since 1900 History Timeline and Biographies

1909

The Goudi Coup

In 1909, a group of young army officers staged a coup in Goudi, Athens, demanding political reform and modernization of the military. This marked the beginning of a series of political changes that would shape Greece's history in the 20th century.

1912

The Balkan Wars Begin

The First Balkan War began in 1912, where Greece allied with Serbia, Montenegro, and Bulgaria against the Ottoman Empire. This conflict significantly expanded Greece's territory and influence in the region, marking a pivotal moment in Greece's history since 1900.

1922

The Asia Minor Catastrophe

The Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922) culminated in the Asia Minor Catastrophe, leading to a massive population exchange between Greece and Turkey. This event caused significant demographic shifts and trauma, profoundly impacting Greece's history since 1900.

1936

Metaxas Regime Established

In 1936, Ioannis Metaxas established a dictatorial regime in Greece, promoting nationalism and suppressing political opposition. This period was marked by censorship and authoritarian rule, influencing Greece's political landscape during the interwar years.

1940

Greece Enters World War II

In 1940, Greece entered World War II after refusing to surrender to Italian forces. The subsequent German invasion led to occupation and significant resistance movements, shaping Greece's history since 1900 through hardship and resilience.

1944

Liberation from Occupation

Greece was liberated from Axis occupation in 1944, leading to a power struggle between leftist and rightist factions, which eventually ignited the Greek Civil War, a critical chapter in Greece's history since 1900.

1949

End of the Greek Civil War

The Greek Civil War concluded in 1949, resulting in a victory for the government forces. This conflict had lasting effects on Greek society and politics, contributing to the polarization seen in Greece's history since 1900.

1967

Military Junta Takes Power

In April 1967, a military coup established a junta that ruled Greece until 1974. This period was characterized by repression and human rights abuses, significantly impacting Greece's political evolution in the latter half of the 20th century.

1974

Restoration of Democracy

The fall of the military junta in 1974 led to the restoration of democracy in Greece. This pivotal moment marked a new era in Greece's history since 1900, emphasizing human rights and political freedoms.

1981

Greece Joins the European Community

Greece became a member of the European Community in 1981, marking a significant step in its integration into Europe. This membership has had lasting economic and political implications for Greece's history since 1900.

2001

Greece Adopts the Euro

In 2001, Greece adopted the euro as its official currency, further solidifying its role within the European Union. This economic transition has been a defining feature of Greece's history since 1900, influencing its economy and international standing.

2009

Greek Debt Crisis Begins

The Greek debt crisis began in 2009, revealing severe fiscal mismanagement and leading to international bailouts. This crisis has had profound effects on Greece's economy and society, shaping its recent history since 1900.

2015

Referendum on Austerity Measures

In July 2015, Greece held a referendum where citizens overwhelmingly rejected austerity measures proposed by international creditors. This event was a critical moment in Greece's history since 1900, reflecting public sentiment and resistance to economic policies.

2020

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 severely impacted Greece's economy, particularly tourism, which is vital for its GDP. The government's response and recovery strategies are significant chapters in Greece's history since 1900, highlighting resilience in times of crisis.

2021

200 Years of Independence Celebrated

In 2021, Greece celebrated the 200th anniversary of its independence from Ottoman rule, reflecting on its rich history since 1900. This milestone highlighted Greece's cultural heritage and national identity in the modern era.