HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA History Timeline and Biographies

1948

Assassination of Jorge Eliécer Gaitán

The assassination of popular liberal leader Jorge Eliécer Gaitán on April 9, 1948, marked the beginning of intense political violence in Colombia, known as "La Violencia." His death incited riots and widespread unrest, leading to a period of brutal conflict between liberals and conservatives, which laid the foundation for future violence in the HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA.

1958

National Front Agreement

In 1958, the National Front Agreement was established to share power between the Liberal and Conservative parties, aiming to end the violence stemming from La Violencia. While it temporarily reduced violence, it also excluded leftist movements, contributing to the rise of guerrilla groups, which would become significant players in the HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA.

1964

The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) were founded in 1964, emerging from the rural discontent and leftist movements. FARC's establishment marked a significant escalation in the armed conflict, as it began to engage in guerrilla warfare, becoming a central figure in the HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA.

1970

The controversial 1970 presidential election, which resulted in widespread allegations of fraud favoring the Conservative candidate, led to increased political violence and the rise of paramilitary groups. This period further complicated the HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA, as the state responded with repression against dissenting movements.

1980s

During the 1980s, powerful drug cartels, particularly the Medellín and Cali cartels, emerged, intertwining with the ongoing violence in Colombia. Their influence exacerbated the HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA, as they engaged in violent confrontations with the state and rival groups, leading to widespread corruption and human rights abuses.

1985

In 1985, the M-19 guerrilla group stormed the Palace of Justice, leading to a violent siege that resulted in the deaths of over 100 people, including judges and military personnel. This event is a significant chapter in the HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA, highlighting the brutal confrontations between the state and guerrilla groups.

1991

The 1991 Constitution was a landmark moment in Colombia's history, aimed at addressing the causes of violence and promoting peace. It marked a new approach to resolving the ongoing conflicts in the HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA by incorporating human rights and political participation, although challenges remained.

1999

In 1999, the Colombian government, with U.S. support, initiated Plan Colombia, a comprehensive strategy aimed at combating drug trafficking and insurgency. This plan significantly influenced the HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA, as it escalated military involvement and aimed to stabilize the country amidst ongoing violence.

2002

Alvaro Uribe was elected president in 2002, implementing a controversial security policy that intensified military operations against FARC and other armed groups. His administration's approach significantly impacted the HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA, leading to both military successes and allegations of human rights violations.

2012

In 2012, peace negotiations between the Colombian government and FARC began in Havana, Cuba. These talks aimed to end decades of armed conflict and were a crucial step in the HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA, culminating in a peace agreement in 2016 that sought to address the roots of violence.

2016

On November 24, 2016, the Colombian government and FARC signed a historic peace agreement, officially ending over 50 years of conflict. This agreement is a pivotal moment in the HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA, aiming to foster reconciliation and address the socio-economic issues that fueled the violence.

2018

Following the signing of the peace agreement, the Colombian government faced significant challenges in implementing its provisions. Issues such as land reform, political inclusion, and security for former combatants highlighted ongoing struggles within the HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA, as violence persisted in various forms.

2020

Despite the peace agreement, 2020 saw a resurgence of violence in Colombia, with new armed groups emerging and former FARC members facing threats. This resurgence underscores the complexities in the HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA and the ongoing challenges of achieving lasting peace and security in the country.

2023

As of 2023, Colombia continues to grapple with the legacies of its violent past while striving for peace and reconciliation. The government has initiated new dialogues with various armed groups and is working to address the socio-economic disparities that contribute to violence, reflecting the ongoing evolution of the HISTORIA VIOLENCIA EN COLOMBIA.