Napoleon Invades Spain
Napoleon's invasion of Spain and the subsequent abdication of King Ferdinand VII created a power vacuum, sparking independence movements in South American colonies.
1808
1810
First Venezuelan Republic
The First Venezuelan Republic was declared after a series of uprisings, marking the beginning of the independence struggle in Venezuela.
1810
Argentine War of Independence Begins
The May Revolution in Buenos Aires initiated the Argentine War of Independence, leading to the formation of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata.
1811
Paraguay Declares Independence
Paraguay declared its independence from Spanish rule, becoming one of the first South American countries to do so.
1813
Battle of Salta
The Battle of Salta was a significant victory for the Argentine forces, consolidating their control over the northern regions.
1816
Declaration of Independence of Argentina
The Congress of Tucumán declared the independence of the United Provinces of South America, now known as Argentina.
1817
Crossing of the Andes
José de San Martín led the Army of the Andes across the Andes Mountains to liberate Chile from Spanish rule.
1818
Battle of Maipú
The Battle of Maipú secured Chilean independence after a decisive victory by the forces of Bernardo O'Higgins and José de San Martín.
1819
Battle of Boyacá
Simón Bolívar's victory at the Battle of Boyacá was crucial for the independence of Colombia, leading to the liberation of New Granada.
1821
Liberation of Peru
José de San Martín entered Lima and declared the independence of Peru, with the support of local patriots.
1822
Guayaquil Conference
Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín met at the Guayaquil Conference to discuss the future of South American independence.
1822
Brazil Declares Independence
Dom Pedro I declared Brazil's independence from Portugal, establishing the Empire of Brazil.
1824
Battle of Ayacucho
The Battle of Ayacucho was the final major conflict in the South American wars of independence, resulting in the liberation of Peru and the end of Spanish rule in South America.
1825
Bolivia Gains Independence
Bolivia declared its independence, naming the country in honor of Simón Bolívar.
1828
Uruguay's Independence
Uruguay achieved independence following the Cisplatine War between Brazil and the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, with British mediation.
1830
