King Parakramabahu the Great History Timeline and Biographies

Ascension to the Throne

King Parakramabahu the Great ascended to the throne of Polonnaruwa in 1153, following the death of his predecessor. His reign marked the beginning of a transformative era for Sri Lanka, which would lead to unprecedented developments in infrastructure, agriculture, and Buddhism.

Consolidation of Power

During these years, King Parakramabahu the Great worked to consolidate power across the island, uniting various factions under a central authority. His efforts laid the groundwork for a stable governance structure that would support his ambitious development programs.

Construction of the Parakrama Samudra

In 1156, King Parakramabahu the Great initiated the construction of the Parakrama Samudra, a vast reservoir aimed at improving irrigation and agricultural productivity. This project showcased his innovative approach to managing water resources and significantly transformed the agricultural landscape of Sri Lanka.

Advancements in Agriculture

Throughout his reign, King Parakramabahu the Great implemented extensive agricultural reforms, encouraging crop diversification and improved farming techniques, thus enhancing food security for the population and increasing revenue for the kingdom.

Strengthening Buddhism

King Parakramabahu the Great was a staunch patron of Buddhism. In 1165, he commissioned the reconstruction and restoration of numerous Buddhist temples, including the famous Watadage in Polonnaruwa, reinforcing the cultural and religious identity of Sri Lanka.

Military Campaigns in South India

In 1177, King Parakramabahu the Great launched military campaigns against South Indian kingdoms. His efforts to secure Sri Lanka's sovereignty against external threats showcased his military acumen and commitment to protecting his kingdom and its resources.

Development of Polonnaruwa

Under King Parakramabahu the Great's rule, the city of Polonnaruwa flourished. He invested in urban planning, resulting in well-structured roads, water systems, and public buildings that transformed Polonnaruwa into a vibrant economic center.

The Assembly of Scholars

In 1182, King Parakramabahu the Great established an assembly of scholars to promote learning and scholarship in Sri Lanka. This initiative contributed to advancements in literature, philosophy, and religious studies, fostering a rich intellectual culture.

Establishment of the Great Code of Laws

King Parakramabahu the Great implemented the Great Code of Laws, which aimed to consolidate legal principles and governance practices. This code improved administration and justice within his kingdom, ensuring a fairer system for his subjects.

Death of King Parakramabahu the Great

King Parakramabahu the Great died in 1186. His reign left a lasting legacy in Sri Lanka, influencing both the cultural and political landscapes of the island. The advancements in irrigation, agriculture, and architecture during his rule are still recognized and appreciated today.

Cultural Renaissance in Sri Lanka

The reign of King Parakramabahu the Great coincided with a cultural renaissance in Sri Lanka, characterized by artistic achievements in sculpture, literature, and architecture, deeply rooted in Buddhist themes and philosophies.

Influence on Successor Kings

The policies and developments introduced by King Parakramabahu the Great continued to influence his successor kings, who built upon his legacy to maintain agricultural productivity and infrastructural advancements in Sri Lanka.

Rediscovery of Parakramabahu's Projects

In the 19th century, British colonizers rediscovered the engineering marvels of King Parakramabahu the Great, which sparked interest in ancient irrigation systems and laid the groundwork for modern irrigation practices in Sri Lanka.

In recent years, initiatives have been undertaken to preserve and restore the architectural heritage and irrigation systems established by King Parakramabahu the Great, recognizing their historical significance and contribution to national identity.