IBM History Timeline and Biographies

IBM, or International Business Machines Corporation, is a multinational technology and consulting company headquartered in Armonk, New York. Founded in 1911 as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR), it was renamed IBM in 1924. The company is known for its innovations in computer hardware, software, and artificial intelligence, and has made significant contributions to fields such as mainframe computing, cloud computing, and quantum computing.

Creation Time:2024-05-19

1911

Founding of Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR)

IBM was originally founded as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR) through the merger of four companies: the Tabulating Machine Company, the International Time Recording Company, the Computing Scale Company, and the Bundy Manufacturing Company.
1924

Renaming to International Business Machines (IBM)

CTR was renamed International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) to reflect its expanding operations and international presence.
1937

IBM and Social Security Act

IBM played a crucial role in the implementation of the Social Security Act by providing the tabulating equipment needed to process the vast amounts of data involved.
1952

Introduction of IBM 701

IBM introduced the IBM 701, its first commercial scientific computer, which marked IBM's entry into the computing industry.
1964

Launch of IBM System/360

IBM launched the System/360, a revolutionary family of computers that established the standard for mainframe computing and was notable for its compatibility across different models.
1981

Release of IBM Personal Computer (IBM PC)

IBM released the IBM Personal Computer (IBM PC), which became a standard in the personal computing industry and significantly boosted the company's market presence.
1993

Appointment of Louis V. Gerstner Jr. as CEO

Louis V. Gerstner Jr. was appointed CEO, leading IBM through a major transformation that focused on services and software, helping the company recover from its financial struggles.
2005

Sale of IBM's Personal Computing Division to Lenovo

IBM sold its Personal Computing Division to Lenovo, marking its exit from the personal computer market to focus on higher-margin businesses like software and services.
2011

IBM Watson Wins Jeopardy!

IBM's artificial intelligence system, Watson, won the quiz show Jeopardy!, showcasing IBM's advancements in AI and natural language processing.
2014

IBM Launches Watson Health

IBM launched Watson Health, leveraging its AI capabilities to assist in healthcare decision-making and data analysis.
2016

IBM Acquires The Weather Company

IBM acquired The Weather Company to enhance its data capabilities and integrate weather data into its Watson platform for improved analytics.
2018

IBM Acquires Red Hat

IBM acquired Red Hat for $34 billion, the largest software acquisition in history, to strengthen its position in the hybrid cloud market.
2020

IBM Spins Off Managed Infrastructure Services Unit

IBM announced the spin-off of its Managed Infrastructure Services unit into a new public company, later named Kyndryl, to focus more on its hybrid cloud and AI strategies.
2021

Arvind Krishna Becomes CEO

Arvind Krishna was appointed as the CEO of IBM, succeeding Ginni Rometty, and focused on accelerating IBM's hybrid cloud and AI initiatives.
2023

IBM Quantum Roadmap Expansion

IBM expanded its quantum computing roadmap, announcing plans to build quantum systems with thousands of qubits, aiming to achieve quantum advantage in various industries.
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